Grade+8

**SCIENCE 2012 - 2013:**
A. If you drop an egg of 0.2g from a height of 30m 1) find the egg’s maximum velocity 2) find the potential energy

B. A stone and a box, both weighed 50kg, fell from a height of 2km. Would both object have the maximum velocity? Explain

C. If a car, weighing 300kg, travelled 10meters in 2 seconds. Find Kinetic Energy.

D. If a dropped egg, weighing 200g, had a maximum velocity of 100m/s. Find the height dropped.

E. V: Final velocity, u: initial velocity, Given v = u + at. If an egg is dropped from a stationary position and reached a maximum velocity of 25m/s (before impact), find the duration of time the egg remained in air.

F. Convert 5km/hr to (1) m/s (2) cm/s

G. Convert 50m/s to km/hr

__**Conversion of energy between potential and kinetic practice questions:**__



1 billion water droplets in a cloud. Each droplet weighs 0.01g. The cloud is suspended at 15,000m above ground and is assumed to be flat. I) Calculate: a) Potential energy of the cloud b) Velocity of water droplet right before hitting the ground c) Kinetic energy of the cloud

II) If the cloud is not flat, how would you calculate the potential energy of the cloud? What are your assumptions?

III) If the cloud is moving, does that change the potential energy of the cloud? Explain.



Resources: @http://www.proprofs.com/quiz-school/story.php?title=Energy-Practice-Test Questions to affirm your knowledge of energy

Kinetic and Potential conversion question:



 * Choose one question from 1, 3 and 4 you have researched carefully and write that first. If there's more time, choose another question.**

__Guides on One World essay - **Water pollution**__


 * 1. Explain how water treatment are scientifically applied to treat polluted water ( 3 paragraphs ) **

2. Describe two main factors causing water pollution (human activities, 1 paragraph)


 * 3. Discuss the effects of chlorination on health (1 paragraph) **


 * 4. Discuss one effect of water pollution on the environment or our health (1 paragraph) **


 * Essay written in 1 period on Monday after spring break **

RESOURCES FOR WATER POLLUTION ESSAY:

How to treat polluted water?



@http://www.khanapakana.com/article/df09c0c6-c7f5-4335-b3f6-810baba00ef7/how-can-we-purify-polluted-water-

@http://water.epa.gov/learn/kids/drinkingwater/watertreatmentplant_index.cfm



Organic food

@http://www.soilassociation.org

=
Prepare for an oral assessment on water cycle. In the oral assessment, you have to verbally explain the water cycle process, using Prezi, without looking at any notes. You may only refer to a water cycle diagram. The water cycle diagram must not contain any description or explanation. =====

Resource: @http://www.freedrinkingwater.com/resource-water-cycle-student-guide.htm

What is respiration? @http://www.bbc.co.uk/bitesize/ks3/science/organisms_behaviour_health/life_processes/revision/3/

Pietro shared this: @http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2Jp1D1dzxj8

What supports life on earth? @http://www.lpi.usra.edu/education/explore/our_place/hab_ref_table.pdf

How atmosphere supports life on earth?

Question for Article 1: 1. Explain how yoga can relieve stress and anxiety (use scientific understanding)

Question for article 2:

2. Why is cortisol important in ‘ life or death’ situation?

3. Explain why stress can lead to weight gain.

Genetically modified organism essay writing task. Download and read task description:

Genetically modifying food and cloning are two examples of ways in which scientists can change the way that genetic information is inherited. Read attachment below and describe the advantages and disadvantages of GM food and cloning on a google doc.



@http://ghr.nlm.nih.gov/handbook/basics/dna

Give description to the following: a) DNA b) Genetics c) Chromosomes

What are genes?

@http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ubq4eu_TDFc @http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hnSPGlpZx_Q&feature=related youtube - DNA and genetics

Heavy smokers have increased chances of developing throat and lung cancer. Tar in cigarettes contain chemicals that are carcinogens - meaning they can cause cancer. These chemicals can can damage cells in the respiratory passages and lungs and cause them to divide uncontrollably, causing tumour and cancer.

Criterion B

You are health consultant tasked to produce a brochure on 'how to be healthy?'. Your brochure will give students guidance on healthy living and choices. Support your suggestions with good reasons.

@http://www.rogerdarlington.me.uk/healthy.html

A student come to you with the questions below. Record your responses, using your macbook.

1) What is homeostasis? 2) Why is it important for the body to regulate temperature? 3) How does the body regulates temperature in two situations: a) when temperature is above 37 degrees Celcius? b) when temperature is below 37 degrees Celcius?

Give explanations for each of the following statements:

a. Antibiotics cannot be used to treat influenza. b. People who smoke cigarettes usually find it it difficult to give up. c. Heavy smokers have increased chances of developing throat and lung cancer. d. Heroin users have a high risk of getting sexually transmittable diseases. e. Careless use of antibiotics can produce antibiotic resistant bacteria.

Smoker's vs normal lungs @http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yskYG-EVlBY&feature=related

Tips from former smokers @http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GEWky9PEroU&feature=related @http://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=endscreen&NR=1&v=5zWB4dLYChM @http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ow5uw_iCm5A&feature=relmfu @http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qNiBZt1hEzA&feature=relmfu

Effects of smoking http://www.mydr.com.au/addictions/animation-effects-of-smoking#

Brainpop on smoking: How smoking affects health and lungs? @http://www.brainpop.com/health/personalhealth/smoking/preview.weml

What's in a cigarette? @http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pPtCZawoIbw&feature=related

@http://leavingbio.net/blood.htm
 * What are the components of blood? **

Students will investigate a property of shoe soles that affects its ability to absorb impact and protect the ankle and knee.
 * Summative practical:**

Please inquire on the skeletal system before carrying out the experiment.

This task summatively assess criteria D and E.

Resources: @http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZEULLmMDWCY

How to process data and use the formula function in numbers:




 * Expectations for the science report:**

Data processing - In a table, show the kinetic energy in J, velocity and time taken for the eggs to fall to the ground, for each egg. In a graph, compare the kinetic energy, velocity and time taken to fall for each egg. Using the formula shown in class, show how the time taken to fall, velocity and kinetic energy is calculated. Show how formulas to calculate velocity and time are derived (worked out) Label x and y of your graphs

For science understanding (hypothesis and conclusion) - explain why increasing time taken for egg to call, through use of materials, can result in exponential decrease in kinetic energy. explain why height needed to break an egg would decrease dramatically. Reflect on how materials can safe our lives from death and injuries.


 * Grade 8 experiment:**

Investigate the effects of different materials on egg drops with the objective of reducing the impact of the drop so the egg does not break. You will be given a pail and two eggs. For other materials and apparatus, please ask. Use the SOP to plan for the experiment, from aim to the method.

Using video capture and imovie, produce a video 1) explaining the method of the experiment, 2) showing the actual experiment 3) explaining the results and conclusion of the experiment 4) explaining how the experiment can be improved

Gravitational potential energy can be calculated by mgh, m is the mass in kg, g is the gravitational attraction – 9 ms^-2 and h is the height in meters. Kinetic energy can be calculated by 1/2mv^2, m is the mass in kg and v is the velocity in ms^-1.

This is a formative task assessing criterion B, D, E and F.


 * Water Pollution Activism**

YOU'RE A PASSIONATE CLEAN WATER ACTIVIST. **DESIGN AND DIRECT** AN AWARENESS CAMPAIGN TO DRAW THE A) WORLD'S OR B) TIS COMMUNITY'S ATTENTION TO THE SERIOUSNESS OF WATER POLLUTION AND THE NEED TO PROTECT CLEAN WATER.

Google 'how to make a campaign', 'how to start a movement' and 'how to be an activist'.

Resource: @http://edition.cnn.com/SPECIALS/road-to-rio/secret-life-drinking-water/index.html- '....The U.N. predicts that by 2025 two thirds of the world's population will suffer water shortages.' @http://www.unwater.org/worldwaterday/index.html @http://www.unwater.org/worldwaterday/allyoueat_en.html- world water day animation @http://www.merrell.com/US/en-US/Product.mvc.aspx/26352M/0/Mens/Portage-Web?dimensions=0 fun simple way to present ideas through videos

WATER POLLUTION

These questions are useful to frame the water pollution essay: 1) What is water pollution? What are the facts of water pollution? 2) What pollutes water or what causes water pollution? 3) How water pollution affect living things and environment? (Bio-, food chain, use of pesticides and fertilizers, acid rain) 4) How water pollution affect us economically, culturally, socially, culturally and environmentally (choose 2) 5) What are the solutions to water pollution? What are their advantages, disadvantages and limitations. What is the science behind water treatment?

Is water pollution affecting the water ecosystems? Explain in the essay how the water pollutants affect us through the food chain.

Resources for water pollution:

http://www.marietta.edu/~biol/102/2bioma95.html - on bio-accumulation and bio-magnification

@http://www.randwater.co.za/CorporateResponsibility/WWE/Pages/WaterPollution.aspx @http://pulitzercenter.org/downstream?gclid=COW5-5Xloa4CFelKpgodo05-Pw

@http://projectsmileindia.wordpress.com/2010/07/01/effects-of-water-pollution-solutions/ @http://www.grinningplanet.com/2005/07-26/water-pollution-facts-article.htm

@http://www.buzzle.com/articles/sewage-water-pollution.html @http://ga.water.usgs.gov/edu/urbanquality.html

Reral assessment task -

Resources for water cycle: 1. [] 2. @http://www.windows2universe.org/earth/Water/water_cycle.html 3. @http://www.sciencelearn.org.nz/Contexts/H2O-On-the-Go/Science-Ideas-and-Concepts/Humans-and-the-water-cycle 4. []

[] - **Lesson 1** - **Lesson 2** - **Lesson 3**

Guide to good posters! I'd like you to look through the sample posters and identify good poster ideas or features.

[]

Download the following file for the free response assessment:

1.


 * 1) [[file:Homeostasis.pages]]
 * 2) [[file:Caffeine.pages]]

4th question:

How human interactions and activities have affected natural cycles at a city or ecosystem?

Resource:


 * What's next: Essay tes**t!

Download this file :

Essay on ' Earth Life Supports '. Possible Structure: What supports life on earth, why they support life on earth and how they support life on earth. Diagrams would be great to illustrate your understanding. Science advancements that supports life on earth; how they work and the advantages and disadvantages.

Parameters: You are only allowed to bring notes on keywords, such as denitrification. 2 blocks of lesson to complete in class. Reading and research to be done at home.

**How to do well for the desalination report checklist:**
 * 1) Labelled diagrams and pictures to show desalinators; include explanations for the designs. Example: black paint - absorbs sunlight radiation better
 * 2) Collect sufficient data (weather, period of desalination, temperature, etc) for analysis; appropriate table, headings and units
 * 3) Show all processing under data processing: include percentage effectiveness, rate of desalination per hour, graph to compare effectiveness of designs
 * 4) Conclusion: A) discussion on the effectiveness of design. Twirled tubes were effective - evidence to support conclusion. B) discussions on the problems you had and how you solve the problems.
 * 5) Evaluation: 1) real and practical suggestions on how to improve results of experiment or designs - if I were to do this experiment again, I will.... 2) comments on errors 3) comments on the controls, independent, dependent variable or how to improve them.

Unit 3: Earth's support systems

The following processes support life on earth. Through this unit, you will understand how these processes support life on earth:

1) Oxygen - carbon dioxide exhanges 2) Nitrogen cycle 3) Carbon cycle 4) Water cycle 5) Adaptation and DNA mutation 6) Gravity, ozone layer

Criterion B: Communication in science Your science learning logs should contain evidences of: a) Correct and wide use of scientific language b) Effective communication of scientific language: Use of diagrams, graphs, poster or animation

Criterion C: Knowledge and Understanding of Science Your science learning logs should contain evidences of: a) scientific understanding of the processes listed above, such as scientific understanding of cloud making b) scientific explanation of ideas, concepts and processes

Criterion D and E: Scientific Inquiry and Data processing (individual) Practical Task - Design a Desalinator Aim 1: Determine the effectiveness of desalinator Aim 2: How humidity, temperature and weather changes affect desalination

Science lesson this week (28 Mar to 1 April):

Please download and complete the worksheet.

Why squeeze the bottle repeatedly? Why is there water in the bottle? Why smoke is important in cloud making? How is the concept of condensation and evaporation involved in cloud - making?

Water cycle: @http://www.teachersdomain.org/resource/ess05.sci.ess.watcyc.hydrocycle/

Unit 2 How chemistry is used in everyday life?

Task: Research on 'chemical effects to our health' and communicate your findings in a brochure. , ,

Displacement expt: Download

Open book test

Download

Research essay task - ' How human lives have been transformed by chemical reactions and products?'

Use the attached file as a structure for your essay -

Finding out:1) From the medical point of view, have chemical reactions changed the way our body function?2) How has knowledge of chemical reactions been useful to groups of people, such as farmers?3) Rate of reaction can be speed up with the use of catalyst. How has this change the chemical industry?
 * 1) Understanding chemical equation.

Unit 1 How do I know if I'm healthy? //How do people know that they're healthy? My father-in-law would go for checkups to check on cancer markers, hormone levels, cholesterol level, etc. He pays hundreds for this for consultation and medicine so that he can sleep better at night knowing that he's on the healthy side. My wife would take fish oil and calcium pills everyday because she believes it's important for her health. She used to take iron pills for health when she was pregnant. In Singapore and Malaysia, the chinese believes in taking herbs and drinking soups, the indians believe in yoga and breathing exercises and the malays believe in being in a community; to be healthy. So what's the truth about staying healthy? Are there such thing is emotional and spiritual health, or even sexual health? We hope to explore all of these issues in 'How do I know if I'm healthy?'//

Science next week:
Describe the ways in which science is applied and used to address health (mental, physical, emotional and social) problems or issues.

**Science today:**

Executive Power Proposal Meeting has been scheduled at Thursday and Friday, 2 - 3 Dec. Please make sure that you are attired and well prepared for the meeting as the CEO is only accepting 1 or 2 proposals, and will be asking tough questions. Anticipate tough questions that start with how and why. How can you make your proposal more persuasive and real?

Interesting read - virtual environment for social and mental health? - [] Science scaffolding:
 * 1) What makes an effective and attractive proposal?
 * 2) What are the possible science connections we can use?
 * 3) How can we use our experimental results to support our sparty?

Resources : - article that contains scientific understanding.

When is the Spa Retreat assignment due? __**Wed 24 November**__. Again, check that you have included scientific understanding and experimental data. Think of how you can best present a proposal to someone who has read and seen hundreds of proposals. What would catch his attention? You must use some math too, because you need to ensure financial profitability. What's the capital and when can I expect capital recovery?

Unit test: Provide scientific understanding to 3 out of 5 situations/articles written below.


 * 1) <span style="color: #333333; font-family: georgia,'times new roman',times,serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px;">Involuntary outbursts of laughing and crying not tied to underlying emotion can afflict people with neurological ailments like __ [|multiple sclerosis] __, __ [|Lou Gehrig’s disease] __, traumatic __ [|brain injury] __ and stroke.Now there is a drug to treat the condition, which is called pseudobulbar affect.The drug, called Nuedexta, was developed by Avanir Pharmaceuticals of Aliso Viejo, Calif.Keith Katkin, chief executive of Avanir, said the company estimates that two million Americans suffer from the condition.
 * 2) Recent grade 8 social experiments showed that words or persuasion can 'deceive' students to admit that one product can be of greater quality than the other, even though both products can be completely identical. Persuasions can also cause students to underperform and outperform tasks.
 * 3) Old people who continues to work have higher chance of maintaining good mental reasoning compared to old people who has retired and have little to do.
 * 4) Seung A was unable to announce the winner of the report writing competition despite already knowing which group has done better.
 * 5) Some people study better with rhythm but some study better when it's quiet.

Sound affecting health? [|CNN news]C1 Mental illness - CNN

Students, please be sure of the __**expectation this week 11 - 15 Oct:**__
 * 1) **Start experiment on 11 Oct Monday and complete experiment by 13 Oct Wednesday.**
 * 2) **75% report (SOP) typed up by Friday 15 Oct, from aim to conclusion.**
 * 3) **Work consistently on your report everyday from 11 - 15 Oct.**
 * 4) **Check rubrics to ensure that you will hit your assessment targets.**
 * 5) **Start reading handout and takes notes. Remember a reasoning test will be given on the 2nd lesson after camp.**


 * Expectation last week: **
 * 1) **Start your experiment by Friday 8 Oct and simultaneously write up your report whenever possible. Use SOP>Practical Skills>Science Wiki and PAGES, to type the report. REMEMBER to record data and your experiment must not harm anyone, in any way.**
 * 2) **Continue to 'find out' and 'sort out', using the Inquiry Document - [[file:Inquiry template.pages]]**

Today, all of us had powerful sharing of sorted information. I'd like you to use the shared information in your inquiry file and remember to record all the 'emerging questions'. While you are looking through information, you may come across something interesting, something that makes you wonder; that's emerging questions. Next week, I'd like all of you to formulate your idea for experiment. You can use the Structure of Report file to help you get started. My 'emerging question' is 'are our decisions dictated by preset neural connections?'

We're midway through our unit and I'd like to encourage all of you to move forward with the inquiry. The understandings you get from this might change you for the better. Again, good discussions today, let's have more of that :)

===I want all of you to be clear on the expectations next week - we'll be planning our experiment and the more we know about our research topics, the better our investigation is. After completing our investigations, we can then work on our summative task 'sparty'. If you have read and understood this, please give a simple response in my forum.===

The link below may be relevant Intelligent individual don't necessary make a group smarter? [] Download Tedtalk: A journey to the center of your mind - Vilayanur Ramachandra The science of lover, and the future of women - Helen Fisher Do schools kill creativity - Sir Ken Robinson

There are many useful resources in TEDtalks podcast, accessible through Itunes. TedTalk(HD/Video) video 58 by Aditi caught my attention. His/ Her presentation contain elements of sorting out and making conclusions. Are there other relevant podcast you might find useful for your inquiry?

I have created a inquiry template for you to write your essay on ' How do I know if I am healthy?'. It's in the 'practical skills' side menu and also right below:

Inquiry cycle: We're going to do proper inquiry today. This is how it's done:
 * 1) Find out: What question do you want to find out? E.g. What is neuroplasticity? Read up 2 - 3 resources.
 * 2) Sort out: After reading up, what do you understand? What is essential?
 * 3) Investigate: Is there a possibility of carrying out an investigation?

Example:
 * 1) Find out: What's the connection between words and actions? I read up on 'mindset' and 'neuroplasticity and buddhism'
 * 2) Sort out: Positive words activate certain cluster of neurons in the brain. Neurons produce 'output' and therefore affect actions.
 * 3) Investigate: We did this when we experimented on Hassan and Hussaini. Proper investigation using structure of report; collect data and analyse.

Record your finding out and sorting out in [] Links for inquiry: [] - bioidentical hormone, hormone replacement therapy

[]-learn the concept of hormone

[]-about brain food;antioxidants,

**Note from the teacher,** //We should have experimented on at least one health drink from now but all of us need to challenge ourselves to go further. Can our drinks be healthier, more attractive and tastier? Can the concept be further explored here.// //Next lesson, come prepared with different combinations of drinks. Bring in your juicers, blenders and different variety of fruits and ingredients. Make careful recordings so you know what changes makes what effects. Go and take a look at the various health drinks and products. Some have DHA in it and really? Is that important? Be curious and be in charge of your learning.//


 * Links:** http://www.virtualcancercentre.com/healthandlifestyle.asp?sid=199

Population sustainability


 * 1) Download [[file:Population sustainability inquiry.pages]]
 * 2) Essay task: [[file:population sustainability essay.pages]]


 * 1) Download H1 Products of Reaction : [[file:08110805.PDF]]
 * 2) Download G5 Looking at Evidence: [[file:08110804.PDF]]

Science lesson from 10th to 14th May:


 * 1) Work on your report and multimedia presentation. Remember to use concepts learned from Unit K3 to K5 for your report and multimedia presentation.
 * 2) Unit K test: [[file:Unit K Test.pdf]] and mark scheme [[file:Unit K-mark scheme.pdf]].
 * 3) First draft of report and multimedia presentation is expected on 18th May **(Monday)**.
 * 4) Early finishers can begin work on [[file:Unit K-Designed for speed.pdf]]. You may work as a pair. Possible ideas to work on - investigate designs of 4 generations of sports car (Honda, Ford, etc), speed boat, motorbikes, passenger plane, jet plane. Other than vehicles, you can also work on swimwear (speedo) and bicycles.


 * 1) New unit :[[file:G8 - Crash!.pdf]]
 * 2) Download worksheet: [[file:speed worksheet.pdf]] and [[file:08092201.PDF]]
 * 3) Download interpreting graph: [[file:Interpreting graph.pdf]]
 * 4) The speed and force notesheet : [[file:08091800.PDF]] Book answer: [[file:Unit K-book answer.pdf]]

Checklist:
 * 1) You know that there's a test on the 29th April and the package to go though is K3, K4 and K5. You have planned for revision and will check the unit k-book answer.
 * 2) You have planned to process your science investigation into a multimedia presentation.


 * 1) Self and peer assessments help to get you to a better grade by having greater clarifications on the indicators.
 * 2) You need at least **__4 data points__** to get a 5 - 6 on criterion E.
 * 3) William's old report is graded between 3 - 4 for criterion D and E. His new report has improved grade.


 * 1) ====It's possible to apply and secure an independent education sponsor. Approach scholarship friendly companies and give them the best reasons why they should be sponsoring you. Scholarship looks really neat on your resume!====


 * Investigation: Factors affecting growth of plants**


 * 1) Concepts - adaptation, photosynthesis, osmosis, diffusion, fertilizer and analytical chemistry - concentration (mass/volume)
 * 2) Criteria to assess - A to F
 * 3) Length of investigation - 8 science periods
 * 4) Guidance - a) bring your materials in advance b) update report frequently


 * 1) Assess [[file:Report.pdf]] and [[file:surface tension - seung a.pages]] using criteria B, D and E.
 * 2) Give explanation for your assessment.


 * 1) Download [[file:tomato grower.doc]] and complete.
 * 2) Criteria to assess is criteria C.
 * 3) Email your answer to mng@tokyois.com. You should attach your work as __tomato grower-your name__.

Science Investigation: Investigate factors affecting surface tension of water
Concepts to use for this experiment : **cohesion, surface tension and forces between molecule**

Task 1 : Design an experiment to investigate ' factors affecting surface tension of water? '. Use structure of report

Task 2: Carry out experiment and record results and observations. Checklist to complete before Task 2 :
 * You have completed aim, hypothesis, independent variable, dependent variable, controlled variable and method.
 * You have discussed how independent variable and dependent variable will be manipulated.

Task 3: Analyze results and write conclusions/evaluations Check that you have downloaded a sample report  so you can score a 5 or 6 for criterion D and E

Due date for full report (individual): Monday 8 Feb
Reminders: 1) Include apparatus/material and constant variable in your report 2) independent variable is what you change in experiment and dependent variable is what you measure in experiment

Criteria to check: D, E and F Download structure of report here /


 * Unit title** : Plants and us

How is photosynthesis important to human and other animals? How are plants important to human and other animals?
 * Unit question** :


 * Unit flowchart** :

C 1 & C 2 C3 - Don't dry up → C5 - Spot the difference →

Assignment

1) Prepare for an interview to discuss 'how are plants important to human and other animals? Check rubric so that you know the requirements for higher grades.

2) Prepare an essay on either Organic Food or Genetically Modified Food. Check rubric to obtain direction and guide. Make sure every requirements of the rubric can be assessed by your essay.